Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the measurement of the amount of oxygen consumed by aquatic microorganisms to decompose or to oxidize the organic matter. On the other hand, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) refers to the amount of oxygen needed to break down the pollutants chemically. BOD and COD are correlated, as both are the methods with the aim of indicating the amount of pollution present in a given water sample. However, BOD is widely used due to some practical reasons, but the analysis … [Read more...]

The solvent-loving colloids or such colloids which show less or distinct affinity towards dispersion medium is known as Lyophilic colloids. The solvent-hating colloids or such colloids which do not have any attraction towards dispersion medium is known as Lyophobic colloids. The colloidal state is said when the particle size is between 1 to 100 nm. When the particle size is less than 1nm it is in the true solution, while when the particle size is more than 100 nm, the matter exists in the … [Read more...]

Kwashiorkor is the severe protein deficiency in the children, while marasmus is the severe deficiency of the nutrients and insufficient intake of calorie. This is the primary difference between the two. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) or Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) is the result of the deficiency of the carbohydrates, fats and especially proteins. The above two diseases, which are kwashiorkor and marasmus, are the commonest among such deficiencies and is frequently occurs in infants … [Read more...]

Liquefied Petroleum Gas or LPG is the very known name for all of you, as it is known as the cooking gas. It is one of the natural gas which can be obtained as a by-product from the processing of natural gas and petroleum refining. It consists of butane, propane and butylene. Compressed Natural Gas or CNG is widely used gas in cars, and it is also a natural gas which is obtained from methane wells, coal bed. It consists of methane. These natural gases distribution is easy for the long-distance … [Read more...]

Niels Bohr postulates the atomic model which states that electrons move in specific circular orbits around the nucleus with quantized kinetic and potential energies. Ernest Rutherford said that an atom consists of the whole mass that is concentrated into the center. From the above statement, we can say that both the models of the atom differ in the way they explained the movements of electrons around the nucleus and their energy levels. We all are aware of the modern theory which says that … [Read more...]

The Green Revolution is the programme started in India and other developing countries to increase the production of wheat and rice and become self-sufficient. On the other hand, White Revolution or Operation Flood is an association with the objective of increasing milk production in India. Let's get back to history, the Third Agricultural Revolution or the Green Revolution has its birthplace in Mexico, which started in the year 1950. It is the initiatives that consist of the set of research … [Read more...]

Conductors, semiconductors and insulators can be distinguished on the ground of their conductivity and other properties. Conductors like metals show conductivity at room temperature, but as the temperature increases, their conductivity gets reduced. However, semiconductors act as the insulators at low temperature but as the temperature increases so their conducting properties also; however, insulators have no such effect of temperature variations as they do not have the conducting … [Read more...]

The Tyndall effect explains the phenomenon of scattering of light by the colloidal particles in its path that results in the pattern of bright glowing cones in the fluid. The Brownian Motion is related to the phenomenon of random motion of colloidal particles in the fluid. These are the widespread phenomenon that can be observed easily, but only in colloids as these properties can not be observed in True solutions or Suspension. True solutions are the homogenous mixture of two or more … [Read more...]