Endotoxins are the Lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes (LPS), responsible for making an integral part of the cell wall of Gram-Negative Bacteria and are released at the time of cell death or lysis of bacteria. Exotoxins are the proteins which are secreted by few species of bacteria and get diffuse into the nearby or surrounding medium. Secondly, endotoxins are heat stable, weakly immunogenic while exotoxins are heat labile, highly antigenic. Endotoxins are produced by Gram-negative bacteria, … [Read more...]
Difference Between Bacteria and Virus
Bacteria are said to occupy the large domain of the prokaryotic cell, while the virus is known as minor infection causing agent. Secondly, bacteria reproduce by themselves through asexual method whereas virus needs a host cell to replicate as they lack cellular machinery but consist of DNA and RNA. When people fall ill, the first thing that struck to their mind is about any contamination, related to bacteria, fungi or virus. This routine is typical in all age of peoples, as these terms like … [Read more...]
Difference Between Bacteria and Fungi
Bacteria and Fungi come under different categories; the former one is the prokaryotic cell while the latter one is Eukaryotic cells. Apart from this, there are many differences between them like bacteria need a host to live, and they can be autotrophs as well as heterotrophs, whereas fungi grow their own and are heterotrophs which depend on others for their food. Bacteria do not have nuclear membrane enclosing nucleus, while Fungi (eukaryotes) have well- defined nucleus surrounded by the nuclear … [Read more...]
Difference Between Moist Heat and Dry Heat Sterilization
When the process of sterilization is carried out at high -pressure through water (steam) it is called as moist heat sterilization, on the other hand, dry heat sterilization is carried out at high temperature under dry condition. The best way to kill microbes is through 'heat', as it destroys their proteins as well the enzymes present in them. So sterilization (destroying or killing the microbes) process follows this principle of killing microbes, which can be either by giving wet (moist) heat … [Read more...]
Difference Between Archaea and Bacteria
Despite being in the same category of prokaryotes, archaea and bacteria show variances in their genetic makeup, as the metabolic pathways, and other enzymes, genes possessed by the archaea closely resembles eukaryotes rather bacteria. Simple, microscopic, ambiguous microorganisms mark their presence universally, whether its deep in water, high temperature, soil or any extreme conditions. The evolving history of these cells is considered to be old as more than 3.5 billion years ago. Archaea … [Read more...]
Difference Between Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
Staphylococcus is the group of Gram-positive bacteria that divides in variable directions (multiple axes) and forms the assembly or clusters (grape like). They are round shape and responsible for causing the multitude of diseases. On the counterpart Streptococcus are also Gram-positive bacteria, present in respiratory tract and mouth. They are responsible for causing rheumatic fever, impetigo, scarlet fever, tonsillitis, while some other species though commonly found in the throat but does not … [Read more...]
Difference Between Primary Metabolites and Secondary Metabolites
The metabolites which are required for the growth and maintenance of cellular function are called primary metabolites, while such metabolites which are not required for the growth and maintenance of the cellular functions and are the end products of the primary metabolism are called as secondary metabolites. Microbial Metabolic products are the low molecular weight compound, necessary for the cell's or body metabolism processes. These products are classified as the primary and secondary … [Read more...]
Difference Between Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria
The gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet and stain purple, while the Gram-negative bacteria lose the crystal violet and stain red from the safranin counterstain. So by Gram-staining technique and the color they retain is crystal violet or not describes the features of the bacteria, as well they are characterized as positive or negative. The word 'gram-staining' technique arose from the Danish bacteriologist Christian Gram in 1884. This stain is a weak alkaline solution of a … [Read more...]
Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic denotes the term 'in the presence of oxygen' while the word anaerobic denotes the 'absence of oxygen'. So the respiration which occurs in the presence of oxygen is called as aerobic respiration, on the other hand, respiration occurring in the absence of oxygen is known anaerobic respiration. So accordingly the chemical reaction involving the breakdown of the nutrient molecule with the aim of producing energy is called respiration. Thus the energy required by the body to perform well … [Read more...]
Difference Between Infection and Disease
Infection serves the closest way through which the microorganisms can cause disease and gradually when this infection starts weakening the immune system, and harm the body for a long or short term is called disease. In general, people get confused with these words and use interchangeably. But these terms are totally different in their meaning and applicability, though they share the same passage and reasons of occurrence. Disease depends on the kind and place of occurrence of infection in the … [Read more...]