Our body comes in contact with millions of disease-causing pathogens throughout the day. But still, we are not always ill or infected. The credit for this goes to our immune mechanism i.e., our immunity. We have two sorts of immunity-Innate and Acquired. Both of them are very essential for the healthy survival and well-being of an individual. But they widely differ in their appearance and working mechanism. The most significant difference between them is their time of occurrence. Innate … [Read more...]

Cytokinesis and karyokinesis are significant steps in the cell cycle. The term 'Cyto' refers to the cytoplasm, and 'kinesis' refers to the movement. Cytokinesis is the process involving the division of the cytoplasm of a cell. On the other side, the word 'Karyon' means nucleus, and 'kinesis' is movement. Thus, karyokinesis depicts the nuclear division or the exercise of nuclear material. Cytokinesis is comparatively a simpler and single-step process. In comparison, karyokinesis involves a … [Read more...]

The sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous systems are two components of the autonomic nervous system. These are responsible for controlling and manipulating our involuntary actions. We can differentiate SNS and PNS depending on their responsibilities and action potential. The SNS mobilises the body in stressful situations such as danger, sports, and fights. Thus, it triggers a “fight or flight” response. The PNS helps to produce and preserve the body’s normal homeostasis. Thus, it … [Read more...]

The population of any region is characterised with respect to its growth rate. Exponential and Logistic growth models are two typical but important growth models that can be used to track the population's growth rate. Exponential growth is characterised by the rapid expansion of the population that is unaffected by any upper limit. Contrarily, logistic growth refers to a sustainable growth rate that has an upper limit of growth. The exponential growth model depicts an indefinite growth … [Read more...]

The essential difference between the Gap junction and the Tight junction is that the first one is known to direct channel between cytoplasms of the adjacent cells, while the latter blocks the passage of solutes and water molecules between epithelial layers in vertebrates. Gap junctions are widely spread in the body of vertebrates, while tight junctions are only found in epithelial cells of the vertebrates. The social interactions among the cells of the multicellular organism are the most … [Read more...]

Tubectomy is the sterilization process in the female that prevents the passage of eggs from reaching the uterus for implantation, and it is a small incision technique. Vasectomy is the sterilization process of the male that prevents the passage of sperms, and it is also the small incision technique. These two methods are known as permanent methods of sterilization or contraception. These methods are advised to any one of the partners either male or female as a way to prevent any more … [Read more...]

The afferent or sensory nerve transfers the messages or signals from various organs to the spinal cord or brain. In contrast, efferent nerve or motor nerve transfer the messages or signals from the spinal cord or brain to multiple organs. That means their role is opposite, but they work in transferring signals between organs and spinal cord or brain. When you rub your palms, do exercises, hit a ball, there is the involvement of afferent and efferent neurons that are responding to the … [Read more...]