Individual organisms carrying two identical alleles (for example RR or rr) are called as homozygous. While individual organisms bear different alleles (for example Rr) are called heterozygous. A homozygous trait is when the same kind of two alleles associate to form a trait. A heterozygous is a trait when different kinds of two alleles associate to form a trait. In this type, dominant and regressive alleles are present in the pair, and the dominant will represent the kind of trait the … [Read more...]

Replication is processed inside the nucleus and involves the copying of the genetic material so that the new daughter cell thus form contains the identical copies as their parent cells. While transcription is processed in the cytoplasm where a segment of DNA is transcribed into RNA. Both the process occurs inside the cell. The flow of biological information from DNA to RNA and then synthesis of proteins is considered as the 'central dogma of life'. These involve the three main processes which … [Read more...]

The Small intestine also is known as Small Bowel, which is around 20 feet long while Large intestine which is also called colon or Large bowel, is only 1.5 m long in size. Being the part of our digestive system, they differ in their structure as well in their functions too. The small intestine is called small because of its small diameter which is around 3.4-4.5 cm broad only, as compared to the large intestine, which is 4-6 cm broad. The primary function of the small intestine is to … [Read more...]

Evolution may evolve through many mechanisms like mutation, migration, genetic drift but natural selection is the most famous and the most strongly accepted one. While Artificial selection involves unnatural selection or selective breeding, with the interference of humans activity. In Natural selection fittest organism is selected naturally, which is able to cope up and is adaptable to all kind of situations like variations in weather, temperature, shelter, gaining of nutrition, genetic … [Read more...]

Epithelial tissue is present just below the basement membrane, while connective tissues are found all around the body, along with the nervous system, separating and supporting the various tissues and organs. Epithelial and connective tissues are among four of the major and vital kinds of animal tissues. Mainly there are three types of epithelial tissues, based on their shapes: simple, columnar and cuboidal, and are also classified on the basis of organization of layers of cells present which … [Read more...]

Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective layer surrounding the brain while Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain itself, this is the only minor though the important difference between the two. Meningitis and Encephalitis are the two main kinds of neurological conditions related to the brain and spinal cord, where the layer surrounding the brain get less or more inflamed. Both the medical conditions are among the scariest one affecting the nervous system. The main cause can be … [Read more...]

Phagocytosis means "cellular eating" while Pinocytosis means "cellular drinking". Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis are the two categories of Endocytosis. Both are the active process and requires energy (ATP) as adenosine triphosphate for the uptake of materials. Phagocytosis is an intake of solid particles with the formation of vesicles called phagosomes, while pinocytosis is the intake of liquid particles with the formation of vesicles called pinosomes. The term 'Endocytosis' was given by … [Read more...]

Plasma Membrane is the phospholipid layer, found in all types of cells; it helps in protecting the protoplasm and checks the passage of molecules inside the cell, Though cell wall is found in the plant cell, fungi, bacteria only and protects the cell from external shocks, and provide rigidity and shape to the cell. The cell wall is the outermost boundary of the cell (if present), and plasma membrane is present in the inner lining of the cell. The plasma membrane is delicate thin layer while … [Read more...]

  In reference with diabetes - Hypoglycemia refers to the low blood sugar, while Hyperglycemia is high blood sugar. 'Glycemia' is the word which indicates the presence of glucose in the blood. Both the medical condition can occur in the person having diabetes, which develops due to improper functioning of the insulin. Normal blood glucose level in fasting condition is up to 126 mg per deciliter if the level of glucose in the blood decreases or found to be less than 70 mg per deciliter than … [Read more...]